低蛋白日粮补充前五种限制性氨基酸对断奶乳猪生长性能和腹泻的效果

Natasha Van Niekerk, John K Htoo, Caroline Gonzalez Vega

Journal of Animal Science, Volume 99, Issue Supplement_3, November 2021, Pages 114–115, https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.209

Published: 08 October 2021

本试验使用81头初始体重为8.2公斤的仔猪，共三个处理，每个处理9个重复。

处理1：高蛋白对照组，第一阶段（前三周）蛋白21%，第二阶段（4-6周）蛋白18%。

处理2：低蛋白组，第一阶段蛋白18%，第二阶段蛋白15%。

处理3：高氨基酸组，第一阶段蛋白18%，第二阶段蛋白15%，但赖、蛋+胱、苏、色、缬五种氨基酸的水平是对照组的110%

试验结果：

1、第一阶段，高蛋白组生长速度最快。

2、全程下来，高氨基酸组生长速度最差，料肉比也最差。低蛋白组料肉比不如高蛋白组。

3、对腹泻的影响：第三周观察到，高氨基酸组腹泻频率高于对照组（P<0.05）。

结果讨论：

从本次试验看，低蛋白降低了猪的生产性能，超量补充前5种氨基酸没有正面效果。从氨基酸分析结果来看，低蛋白组缺乏异亮氨酸，高氨基酸组缺乏异亮氨酸、组氨酸等。

通过降低蛋白来减少腹泻的效果是不确切的，减少腹泻还是要通过添加有抗腹泻效果的抑菌剂。

每吨断奶乳猪料中可以添加1.5-2公斤赛金素。同时使用抗腹泻的酸化剂（可肥酸-50），并在正常使用氧化锌的基础上再加上无涩味的单宁。这一组合可以达到很好的防腹泻效果。

Effects of Feeding Low Protein Diets with Additional Supplementation of First Five Limiting AA on Performance and Diarrhea Incidence in Weaned Pigs 

Abstract （下拉查看更多） An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding low crude protein (CP) diets and supplying 110% of the first 5 limiting AA on performance and diarrhea incidence in weaned pigs. One of 3 treatments were randomly assigned to 81 piglets (BW: 8.2 ± 1.2 kg; 9 pens/treatment; 3 pigs/pen) during 2 phases (3 wk each): a high CP (HP; 21 and 18%), a low CP (LP; 18 and 15%), or a low CP at 110% Lys, Met, Trp, Thr, Val requirements (LPAA; 18 and 15%) diet for phase 1 and 2, respectively. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed and water. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. During phase 1, pigs fed HP had the greatest ADG (P < 0.05), but ADFI and G:F were not different among treatments.In phase 2, no effect of treatments was observed on growth performance. Overall, pigs fed LPAA had the lowest (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F, and feeding LP decreased (P < 0.05) G:F. The ADFI was not affected by the treatments. Only during wk 3, pigs fed LPAA increased (P < 0.05) and LP tended to increase (P < 0.10) frequency of diarrhea compared to HP. On d 21, no treatment effect was observed for ileal villi height, but LPAA reduced (P < 0.05) and LP tended to reduce (P < 0.10) crypt depth compared to HP. Diet analysis revealed that LP was deficient in Ile and non-essential AA (NEAA), and LPAA contained inadequate levels of Ile, Leu, His and NEAA, which explains why reduced pig performance was achieved with these 2 diets. In conclusion, low CP diets, even with additional supplementation of the first 5 limiting AA, if deficient in the next limiting AA, results in negative effects on performance and diarrhea incidence.

编译：刘海君